Root Canal Treatment is necessary when the nerve in a tooth dies (devital nerve), a very large hole appears on a tooth, severe toothache (due to a hole reaching the tooth pulp) or when the filed down surface of a tooth is in close proximity to the nerve ending (in this case to avoid more serious future complications the dentist removes the nerve).
Teeth usually have 1, 2, 3 or even 4 roots, within these are the so-called root canals containing the nerve surrounded by tiny capillaries and veins. This is what needs to be removed, the canal widened, disinfected and when sterile, sealed tightly and thoroughly without leaving any gaps. In today’s dentistry this is often a separate branch within the profession.